Deck
Decks are common additions to single-family homes, especially those with large yards, and provide outdoor space to entertain and relax. While there are many types of decks, with structural designs ranging from detached to island to multi-level, each kind adds functional, livable outdoor space.
Decks vary in placement and location, as well as building code requirements, which can influence a deck's size, height, and features. The easiest way to classify decks is by the material used in the construction. The material determines the deck's durability, maintenance requirements, and cost. Various deck materials include natural wood, treated lumber, and composite lumber. Each requires different cleaning and maintenance. Here’s everything you need to know about the types of decks available.
Deck Styles
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Wrap-Around Decks
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This kind of the deck is large and features a slightly elevated structure that connects two or more sides of the house. Depending on your budget and available space, wrap-around decks can be narrow or spacious. This deck type includes railings, steps, and coverings as desired. The advantage of this deck style is that it offers plenty of usable outdoor space and can easily be accessed from different points around your home. It also extends the living area, when doors to the living areas open to a large deck.
Attached Decks
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Typically square, rectangle, L-shape, or U-shape, attached decks are built directly off your home. They may extend an existing room, like a kitchen or dining room. The main advantage of this design is that the deck borrows stability from the house. The main disadvantage to an attached deck is that improper installation or maintenance could create structural damage to your home. Water accumulation or poor weight balance could affect the house. Also, since it is an attached structure, it may require code-approved railings and stairways. These decks usually require permitting and building inspection.
Detached Decks
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Typically accessed by a path or walkway, detached decks are sometimes called “floating decks.” Often located near a pool or gazebo, these decks are not attached to the house. The downside of this type of deck is that it requires periodic maintenance and is more prone to moisture damage than elevated decks.
Additional styles of decks include swimming pool, rooftop, side yard, garage, entryway, and detailed-use decks.
Multi-Level Decks
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This type of deck is an excellent choice if your property isn't perfectly level or consists of hills, slopes, or rocky landscaping. Multi-level decks contain more than one level with steps connecting the different levels. This style allows you to have various sizes of decks to suit different uses, and it allows you to create outdoor living spaces that might not otherwise be available on the ground. Creating living spaces on uneven yards, multi-level decks can incorporate different design styles, including detached and attached.
Deck Materials
Decks are frequently categorized based on the types of materials.
Below are the most common deck materials.
1
Wood
Natural wood such as bamboo, cedar, ice, mahogany, pressure-treated wood or redwood are very durable and feels good under bare feet. Since wood can rot, splinter, and host insects, it needs regular maintenance: wash and re-stain it every two to three years to keep it looking its best.
3
Composite Boards
Composite decking is made from a blend of plastic and wood fibers. It is an alternative to natural wood yet highly resistant to rotting and wear. Composite boards feature unique and realistic wood grain and patterns to match almost every wood look.
Composite decking is durable and low maintenance because it doesn't need weather-proofing or paint. Some varieties are also slip- and water-resistant. Unlike natural wood, composite wood rarely warps, splinters, or cracks.
4
Concrete or Stone
This deck material is the most durable, but it is also the most expensive. Decks made of concrete or stone can last for decades, depending on the installation quality and environmental conditions. Stone and concrete decks are an excellent choice for smaller ground-level areas. They can blend well with the home's surroundings and raise property value. However, these materials are heavy, so they are not ideal for raised or elevated structures.
2
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
PVC is a versatile material used for pipes, wiring, and even decks. It is 100% synthetic. It does not stain or rot, and it is highly affordable. However, since it's plastic, PVC decking doesn't break down naturally, making it durable with minimal maintenance. Like composite material, PVC comes in a variety of colors. Because it has no organic material, PVC decking is highly resistant to water, mold, mildew, and insect damage.
5
Aluminum
Aluminum is a popular alternative to wooden decks. This deck material is low maintenance and can last for years without needing replacement. Aluminum is available in various colors and styles to match your preferences. It is also fire-resistant and highly resistant to water damage. As such, it is ideal for areas prone to wildfires, hail storms, strong winds, or heavy rainfall.
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